Understanding Learning Disabilities

Important Terms for Parents Who Have Children with Learning Disabilities

Navigating the public school system when your child has a learning disability can be intimidating. There are a lot of new terms, acronyms and descriptions that have evolved recently. Here's a list that will help you understand some of the terms educators and professionals may use when discussing a child with a learning disability.

A - E    |     F - P    |     Q - Z
ADHD    top
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A condition that usually begins in childhood and can continue into adulthood. Symptoms manifest in difficulty in staying focused or hyperfocusing, poor impulse control or constant movement. ADHD can affect one’s ability to learn and manage time and can have long lasting effects on school and work success.
Aspergers    top
An autism spectrum disorder characterized by an inability to interact socially, uncoordinated motor functions, repetitive behavior, limited interest and/or nonverbal communication problems.
Autism    top
A brain development disorder, characterized by impaired social interaction, communication, and restricted and repetitive behavior - symptoms usually manifest before the age of three.
Central Auditory Processing Disorders    top
A physical hearing disorder that results in a break down in what the ear hears and what the brain perceives as input of information. Individuals with this disorder have no signs of a hearing disorder and actually pass normal hearing screenings and tests. The brain has a difficult time separating meaningful information from normal background noise, resulting in mixed messages or total misunderstanding of what is being said.
Developmental Dyspraxia    top
A disorder marked by the sufferer's inability to plan and carry out sensory motor tasks.
Dyscalculia    top
A specified learning issue dealing exclusively with the learning and/or understanding of mathematics.
Dysgraphia    top
A learning disability resulting in poor written expression and graphing, despite good reading and verbal expression skills. Individuals with extremely poor handwriting fall into this group.
Dyslexia    top
A learning disability that is caused by a neurological disconnect in the brain where language, visual and auditory are not translated into understandable language. Individuals with dyslexia have difficulty in learning to read despite traditional instruction, have at least average intelligence, and have an adequate opportunity to learn.
Educational Coaching    top
Working with a student to help him discover ways to better perform in academia via a series of exercises and lessons.
Executive Function    top
Theoretical faculties that maintain and regulate cognitive functions.
Expressive Language Disorder    top
A learning disability where one has difficulty expressing himself orally or written.

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